Defect inspection is critical in electrode production processes like die-cutting and winding, where minor defects—including metallic/non-metallic contaminants, white spots, bubbles, dark spots, decarburization, scratches, leakage, and damage—can adversely affect battery electrochemical performance. The inspection faces multiple challenges: high production speeds require real-time detection of subtle electrode defects; material properties like reflectivity and color uniformity complicate inspection; and defect diversity demands highly sensitive equipment capable of accurate classification. The inspection system must therefore combine high speed, sensitivity, and precision to reliably identify and distinguish defect types under these challenging conditions.